A Scriptural Reflection on the Readings for September 30, 2012 | Carl E. Olson
Readings:
• Num 11:25-29
• Ps 19:8, 10, 12-13, 14
• Jas 5:1-6
• Mk 9:38-43, 45, 47-48
What do demons, sin, death,
and damnation have in common? An obvious (and correct) answer is that all of
them are, put bluntly, bad. They have a certain, even close, relationship to
one another. Another answer is that each is a topic usually avoided in
conversations around the water cooler and over morning coffee. In fact, they
are sometimes given short shrift in homilies and sermons.
But today’s Gospel
prominently mentions all four. Needless to say, it is a challenging and
difficult reading. Yet it is the sort of passage too often ignored or
downplayed, resulting in a skewed understanding of both the mission and message
of Christ.
Jesus and his disciples took
the existence of demons for granted; they also took them seriously. The
discussion in Mark 9 about driving out demons is just one of about seventy
references to demons in the New Testament. What is unusual, however, is the context:
the disciples were complaining because someone who “does not follow us,” they
told Jesus, was performing exorcisms. Jesus reminds them that such a deed can
only be performed in his name,
and such faith could not come from a foe. Since men can only be for or against
him, the benefit of any doubt should go to those who exhibit love for and faith
in Christ. In the words of St. Gregory of Nyssa, “None of those seeking to be
saved will be lacking in this ability,” since salvation is a free gift from
God.
That expansive explanation
of how good done in the name of Christ should be acknowledged is followed by
some of the strongest language in the Gospels about avoiding sin. Two terms
stand out: scandal and Gehenna. “If your hand causes you to sin”—literally, scandalizes
you, “cut it off.” Scandal, the Catechism explains, “is an attitude or behavior which leads
another to do evil.” Those who give scandal by words or actions can destroy
spiritual life. “Scandal is a grave offense if by deed or omission another is
deliberately led into a grave offense” (par. 2284). It is, G. K. Chesterton
summarized nicely, “the tripping up of somebody else when he is trying to be
good.”
Momentary physical pain
cannot be compared to the eternal spiritual torment awaiting those who continue
unrepentant in their sins. Gehenna symbolized such torment. It was a steep
ravine southwest of Jerusalem where, many centuries before Christ, some
Israelites had sacrificed “their sons and daughters to Molech” (Jer. 32:35), a
pagan god long associated with such horrors. Gehenna was desecrated eventually
by the righteous King Josiah (2 Kngs. 23:10), and became a smoldering garbage
dump filled with trash and animal carcasses. Needless to say, it offered a
powerful image of an eternal hell filled with undying worms and unquenchable
fire.
Speaking of hell is never
fashionable or enjoyable. St. John Chrysostom said of this passage: “Ordained
as we have been to the ministry of the word, we must cause our hearers
discomfort when it is necessary for them to hear. We do this not arbitrarily
but under command.”
One of the great sins of our
time is the deliberate and self-serving destruction of human life, especially
what Pope John Paul II described as “the scandal of abortion.” Such a grave
scandal exists because men—even those living in Western democracies—have “lost
the ability to make decisions aimed at the common good” (Centesimus annus, 47). Pope Benedict XVI, in his recent encyclical on
social doctrine, wrote, “To desire the common good and strive towards it is a requirement of justice
and charity” (Caritas in veritate, 7).
Justice requires every man
be held responsible for his sins; it rightly asks each pay for his moral
deficits. Yet we are unable. As today’s reading from the Epistle of James makes
clear, wealth cannot save us. Nor can power or fame. Salvation from demons,
sin, death, and damnation is found only in the name of Jesus Christ, the author
of life (Acts 3:15).
(This "Opening the Word" column originally appeared in the September 27, 2009, edition of Our Sunday Visitor newspaper.)
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